How to report GHG emissions from data centres and cloud services

This guide is designed to help sustainability and ESG professionals accurately measure and report GHG emissions from data centres and cloud services.

The world around us is constantly evolving and we currently find ourselves in a highly digitised age of streaming services, cryptocurrencies and internet traffic. Over the past decade, energy usage in the information and communications technology (ICT) sector, including our increasing reliance on data centres, has grown exponentially.

Data centres use vast amounts of energy to function and as a result, contribute almost as much to global emissions as the airline industry (Moen, 2021). It is therefore important to understand how data centres function and what role they play as we work towards a more sustainable future.

This guide includes:

• Introduction to GHG emissions contribution from data centres 
• What is a data centre/cloud service?
• What are the GHG reporting boundaries for data centres?
• Allocating and calculating GHG emissions
• Useful resources

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Greenstone’s Environment module, part of Greenstone’s Enterprise sustainability and ESG software solution, enables businesses to measure, understand and communicate their global environmental performance and impact. This includes the automatic calculation of GHG emissions using Greenstone’s emissions factor database from international standards including GHG Protocol, Defra, US PEPA and IEA.